Volvo RWD 444-544 Forum

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Fuel Tanks and Explosive Hazards 444-544

When I was a teenaged pump jockey I watched a biker hand a burning butt (roach actually) to his buddy while filling their tanks (they wouldn't allow a kid near their bikes). Well they fumbled it and it blew still glowing into the open tank, the look on their faces was great, but nothing happened, the liquid gas simply extinguished the ember. This is why:

Fuel Tanks and Explosive Hazards

Diesel
Flash point of #2 diesel fuel is 125 F
Below this temperature, fuel/air mix cannot be ignited.
Lower explosive limit: 0.5%
Upper explosive limit: 4.1%

Gasoline
The fuel-air mixture in a gasoline tank is too rich to explode.
Flash point of gasoline is –40 F.
Lower explosive limit: 1.4%
Upper explosive limit: 7.6%

According to the 7th edition of the fire protection handbook, "Storage of Flammable and Combustible Liquids" Orville M. Sly, Jr: "The vapor space in tanks storing flammable liquids with vapor pressures above 28kPa, such as gasoline, is normally too rich to burn. The ratio of vapor to air is above the upper flammable (explosive) limit (UFL)."

Further, from the Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials, 9th edition:
Gasoline flash point -45 to -36 F
Flammable Limits (% volume) 1.4% (lower limit) 7.6% (upper limit)

The high vapor pressure (volatility) of gasoline will fill the vapor space with a fuel/air mix which is too rich to burn (or detonate). In the case of diesel, the flash point, is so far above ambient temp. and the vapor pressure so low that the lower flammability limit is not reached.









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    Can you help... 444-544

    this dummy understand what "Lower explosive limit", and "Upper explosive limit"
    mean? I don't get how a percentage figure relates.

    Thanks

    --
    '60 544, '68 220S, '70 145S, '72 144E, '86 745T








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      Can you help... 444-544

      That is the percent of fuel in air. Any mix outside the range will not
      ignite because it is either too rich or too lean. That is why there is more
      danger from a malfunctioning fuel gauge sensor when the tank is empty than
      when the tank has gas in it.
      --
      George Downs Bartlesville, Heart of the USA!








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        Can you help... 444-544

        And why so many people seem to blow themselves up trying to patch empty, seemingly dry gas tanks. Because that tiny amount of fuel vapor remaining is just right for ignition.
        --
        Chris, Dartmouth NS Canada 70 M-B 280SE, 83 245DL, 84 244 turbo, 90 780 turbo, 92 VW Golf, 90 740 Rex/Regina








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          Can you help... 444-544

          I've seen a lot of cigarettes dropped into gasoline during the Dark Ages (when I pumped gasoline for $.25 a gallon!)

          Mythbusters did a show on gasoline explosions, primarily about using a cell phone while pumping gas.

          They couldn't make the gas in the tank explode even when they caused a static spark right at the filler mouth.

          They also tried to see if a lit cigarette would ignite a pool of gas. They only proved what I've known for years: it nearly always takes an actual flame to get a gas puddle to ignite. A glowing ember just won't do it.

          This may be because of the theory above...perhaps the gas right at the surface of the pool was too rich to ignite?

          And in addition to numb-nuts working on a 'empty' gas tank (it should be filled with water, or an inert gas like nitrogen ) and blowing themselves through a wall.

          I strongly advise against using gasoline as a fire starter.

          If you just put a little on your wood and light it off, you're probably OK - but if you squeeze the can to 'shoot' more gas into the fire, that flame can run up the stream of gas, and enter the can when you release your hand pressure, allowing the can to 'inhale.' A guy two campsites away blew all the windows out of my motorhome by playing with gas. I wonder if his hair ever grew back?

          Steve








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            I just wonder how long it will be, before this thread moves to the E fuelpumps, which have fuel flowing through the electric motor, including brushes. NT 444-544








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              I just wonder how long it will be, before this thread moves to the E fuelpumps, which have fuel flowing through the electric motor, including brushes. NT 444-544

              Immersed in fuel though. And even in an empty tank there would be too rich a mixture to be explosive. I suppose if it was empty, sender unit out for a while, then sender put back in and pump powered up without any gas being put in the tank, there's a slight chance that the mixture might be almost right to cause a problem.
              --
              Chris, Dartmouth NS Canada 70 M-B 280SE, 83 245DL, 84 244 turbo, 90 780 turbo, 92 VW Golf, 90 740 Rex/Regina








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    Fuel Tanks and Explosive Hazards 444-544

    Yeah, an empty gas tank is far, far more dangerous than one with gas sloshing around in it.
    --
    I'm JohnMc, and I approved this message.







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