Hi kconatymd,
Happy Christmas!
I sort of figured Uncle Arty B. would chime in from his Volvo 240 home near Baltimore. I guess folks have something better to do this day than to Volvo.
I'd not been under the dash of a mid-1980s 240 in some time.
Though on my made in 1989 240 DL l'il red wagon, I found a round warm thing snap-in secured to a bracket that was warm. I asked here about it:
https://www.brickboard.com/RWD/volvo/1619471/220/240/260/280/rather_warm_device_dash_whats_please.html
So, to help answer your question, it appears 1986 240 may be fitted with this same feature as an option, using the same or a different thermal relay.
I'm wholly unsure, yet I believe U.S. or North American market 240s came fitted with this feature as an option by trim level. The relay itself, after 40 years, or sometime sooner, may come to failure.
The 1986 Volvo 240 Owner Manual:
http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1986/1986_240/86240_00.htm
Interior Light Feature:
http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1986/1986_240/86240_01b.htm#pg30
There is the matter of one or more of the door switches and the tail gate / rear hatch plunger switch coming to defect.
The door hinge side Interior Light activating switches, when the door is open and the interior light switched to illuminate when the door is open, you'll see, are a plunger type switch with a vinyl seal puch to pretect the switch from weather.
In time, these vinyl coverings become brittle and can interfere with door switch action. The switch can get stuck in the door closed position, preventing it from closing the circuit and illuminating the interior light, if you've left the interior light to illuminate, as you open a door or the rear hatch.
With the interior dome light switch switch set to "3 Light is on when either of the front or rear doors are opened," the dome light should remain on as long as the door is open. If it does not do this when a door is open, press and twist the plunger. If the dome light illuminates, you can press the plunger in to see if it remains on for 15 seconds or so. Confirming your 240 is fitted with the relay and the relay works.
If the light turns off once the door is closed. You may not have the thermal time delay relay.
Please see the website with the wiring diagrams. The Volvo 240 section:
http://volvowiringdiagrams.com/?dir=volvo/240%20Wiring%20Diagrams
These wiring diagrams are rather U.S. market / North America market-centric.
The PDF file for 1986 240:
http://volvowiringdiagrams.com/volvo/240%20Wiring%20Diagrams/Volvo%20240%201986.pdf
PDF Page 16 of 20:
On the grid vertically between C to D and horizontally between 19.5 and 22. Shows the relay circuit, yet does not indicate how wired without the dome light relay circuit.
PDF Page 20 of 20:
12-F: Green wire from load side of fuse eight that powers the relay. The relay draws power through this fuse, as the fuse is always powered (clock, rear wagon light) to pin #86 of the dome light relay. May be the same to the courtesy light without the relay.
The rear hatch courtesy light switch seems to be a separate circuit. The delay timer may not be a part of the rear dome light in 240 wagon.
So, either you need to replace the relay and perhaps service the front four door hinge side switches, or you may be able to wire in the relay from any 240 so equipped from a salvage yard. Some under dash wiring and you would be good to go. Some extra fancy wiring and you may be able to link the relay to both the front and rear courtesy dome light.
The wire insulation colors and positions on the 1986 and 1990-91 appear the same. So, please see the images form my made in 1989 1990 model year Volvo 240 Dl li'l red Wagon.
The relay, secured above th brake pedal near where it hinges.

Relay, detail.

Detail. No part number.

So, you'd have to take a look and see how fitted. If you find you have it, than test it with the passenger area dome light switch turned to use it.
If opening and then closing the door does not turn the light off or it remains on, it may be a simple matter to replace the relay.
If you do not find a relay or any wiring, it may be yiou could retrofit it with wiring pieces from a junkyard 240, probably all the way to 1993 would work fine.
Else, someone else like our Uncle Arty Benstein may have a useful solution for you, and in fewer words, too!
Happy Christmas!
Laying Off the Eggnog MacDuff
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