PVG;
I'd recommend keeping the Rad Cap of a newly filled Cooling System open until at least the first TStat opening so you can monitor and top up after the level falls, as air moves out...your temp "shooting up" was caused by a big bubble(s) of air which allowed hotspots (possibly local boiling) and which need to be replaced by Coolant...I'd fill Rad and pump on the hoses by squeezing even before starting the engine...and after starting also (CAUTIOUSLY, keeping bodyparts from moving engine parts!), by covering Rad with palm and again squeezing top hose and adding some shock and turbulence into the Coolant path for the purpose of dislodging air-bubbles.
"started pushing fluid out of the radiator top cap." ...this does not sound right! In a CS with Exp Tank the Rad cap is strictly a sealing cap, so NO Coolant should EVER even be able to come out here!...the Pressure (and overflow) is regulated, and allowed by a CS with ET, by the Pressure Cap which is now located on the Exp Tank. See also: https://www.sw-em.com/Cooling_System.htm#closed_cooling_system
Only after the majority of air is removed from the CS by letting engine run while Rad is open (and no pressure can build), and we monitor and manually burp and top up CS, and no more drop in the Coolant level is observed, should the Rad be sealed with its (Sealing) Cap, and Pressure Cap also can seal the CS on the ET (filled to Min level)...only then is the Auto-burp (Step 2 in graphic) able to handle what little air is left...before that, it would be completely overwhelmed by all the air (and that is what caused your overflow!).
I would say this info applies to B18/20 as well as B16 CSs.
Cheers!
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