One stud has fallen out and one has cracked, so I would like to remove all of the old exhaust manifold studs and replace them with new ones. I cannot get some of the old studs out, even with vise grips. Any suggestions on how to remove them?

Also, I was thinking of using a double layer of new exhaust manifold gaskets, to compensate for any possible warping of the manifold. Is this a good or bad idea?


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1983 240 -- This car is a gas to drive!