I don't think you got anything in your engine. I don't think that you even got anything of consequence in to the intake system. I would lay money that you simply have moisture in your distributor and you may want to replace your ignition cap and rotor.

It is not unusual for moisture to get in to the distributor and then, when you start up the car, the moist air in the distributor (now getting heated) condenses on the interior of the cool distributor cap. If you run your car in this condition (and you usually can drive for only a few minutes), the spark, which is supposed to go from the rotor to one of the posts on the distributor cap, sometimes takes a shortcut through the moisture on the interior of the cap. If you don't take care of the problem right away, the spark then etches a pathway on to the interior surface of the cap--in essence grounding the cap. These burn traces are very, very fine and hard to see, but they essentially disable the cap and/or rotor.

BTW, when you dry out the distributor, you have to get it very dry. Don't assume that just because you wiped out the cap and don't see any moisture any longer, that you've gotten everything out. Leave the cap off for several hours, at least. Use a blow dryer to be sure.