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David, I am no rocket scientist, but my friend is a Volvo factory trained mechanic and tells me emissions test have gotten so stringent that most old Volvos, especially hot-burning turbos, won't pass. He told me to put a couple gallons of the highest octane I could find and then add two bottles fuel tank deicer (methal alcohol), let it warm up and do the test. I have had seven Volvos, three of them failed, and was able to pass them this way. Cools down the combustion chamber and lowers the NOX, he says. Not the most scientific technical advice, but beats parking the car. No guarantees, but good luck.