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In short answer to your first question: yes.
Long answer: Pretty much any alternator from an OHC red block will work. They're all almost identical, and quite durable. In fact I'd bet that the alternator on your car that "died" doesn't need to be replaced, rather it needs a new regulator and/or brushes.
If you pull one from a 240 you will have to watch out for the connectors on the back. The OE alternator on my brick had a spade terminal for the thin red wire, the one that I replaced it with (Bosch reman from a junkyard 86 240) had a normal lug thingy. Similarly the replacement had slightly smaller pulleys. Not enough difference to warrant different size belts.
If you had pulled one from a 740 you may have to worry about the pulley (2 belts for the 240s, the 700s had one alternator belt).
Some of the later alternators fitted to the 700s were rated around 90 or 100 amps, a nice improvement... but you may have trouble fitting it if space is tight on the exhaust side like it is on a turbo.
2nd question: AFAIK no. The 83 and 84 had model year specific AMMs and ECUs I believe. If you swap both they should work.
- alex
'85 244 Turbo
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