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First things first. An unbalanced tire has a 'critical speed' above and below which the vibration is reduced. You can always "drive through" an unbalance.
An out-of-round tire will feel a lot like an unbalanced tire, but as speed increases the vibration and harshness will increase and never decrease. An out-of-round tire can be hard to diagnose by eye.
Front wheel vibrations are typically felt through the steering wheel, and rear wheel vibrations are felt through the seat.
If your vibration only happens when you're braking, then the prime suspect is brake rotors. However, you say they're new, so other looseness needs to be investigated (although over-torquing can warp even new rotors). Loose or worn wheel bearings can be the culprit; you said you tightened them by hand, but you really need to seat the bearings with a torque wrench and then back off a flat or 2 on the castellated nut.
I would re-check the bearings and also the ball joints. Perhaps the place you go to get your tires balanced can check them for you.
Way down on the list of things to check would be front suspension bushings, since they usually contribute to harshness when they're worn, not vibration per se.
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