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I have an 86 240. Last winter, when the car sat all night at -20C, it had the same problem. It wouldn't start at first, and when it finally did, it would run rough for a few minutes, and then would be fine. At -10C, it showed no symptoms.
Some of this may not apply, due to yours being an '82.
I checked the ECU temperature sensor, and it met spec. I did a bunch of related maintenance since. When I tried a morning start at -20C recently, it started fine.
I did a number of things that you did:
- plugs
- wires
- cap
- fuel treatment
The only things I did that you haven't specifically mentioned are:
1) cleared clogged hose from flame trap to intake manifold
2) fuel filter and check valve
3) distributor rotor
4) O2 sensor - set 50% duty cycle at test point
5) air filter
I've put these in priority order of what I think may have fixed the problem.
Comments:
1) My crankcase wasn't getting ventilated, and eventually I found that my dipstick was getting rusty, presumably due to excess moisture. When I later pulled the plugs, the contacts were rusty!
2) You may have done the fuel filter, and the check valve may have gotten done with the pump.
3) Same with the rotor - I imagine you did it with the cap.
4)I wouldn't think that the O2 sensor would affect actual starting; more likely, just how it runs after starting.
5) My old air filter wasn't that dirty, so I don't think replacing it was a factor
Good Luck!
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