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On my 940 '92, key in position II, I ALSO get +12v at the small wire at the starter solenoid.
I can't explain it but I just tried it on my 940 -- and also got +12V at the solenoid wire. BUT ONLY when it was disconnected.
As I reconnected it, I could hear a relay click up on the driver's side firewall, inside. Somehow that Key On II +12V gets to and thru? an ungrounded relay coil and floats around till it finds a ground path -- in this case the B/Y wire to the 1.0 ohm solenoid coil. How it finds its way to the B/Y starter wire I can't say, even with the green book diagrams.
My meter shows NO +12V with the wire partly connected -- and the mystery relay's ground search satisfied. I'd like to track that relay down, if that's what it is. But it would take a helper, and digging into and under the 940 dash area doesn't appeal much to me anyhow.
IMO, it's a misleading back-circuit and not relevant to your starter problem.
P.S. to johnwr -- meter neg on battery neg, probing with insulated plus lead, touching nothing else.
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Bruce Young '93 940-NA (current) — 240s (one V8) — 140s — 122s — since '63.
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