If it slid back 1-1/2", it sounds like you're almost free. How about if you put the tranny in high gear (the best ratio advantage when turning the tail shaft), then pry it back with a bar placed between the bell housing and the front seal housing as you suggested, but only with a "reasonable" force. Now, while prying the tranny aft, turn the tail shaft - it should be kind of hard to turn. My thinking is that pulling back on tranny will cause a lot of resistance within that screwed-up bearing or maybe even lock it up totally, and then turning the shaft will help the shaft to back out of the bearing. This will likely be a two-person operation and require a breaker bar to turn the tail shaft. (I assume the flange and nut are still in place on the tail shaft.) Good luck!
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Chris - 1990 740, 1973 1800ES (Non-running), 1993 Dodge Dakota (Still has a little paint left on it)