You mean 'connecting rod' instead of 'pushrod'. The connecting rods are the big chunks of metal between the crank and pistons, the ppushrods are the daintly little straws between the lifters and the rocker arms.

Heat burns on the shaft of the pump drive means that something definitely was jamming the oil pump. Probably some small bit of junk that made it past the screen? If you disassemble the pump you might see some scoring on the pump body where some junk flowed into it, of it might have just jammed between the gear teeth, and released as soon as the pump as turned backwards.

Once starved of oil (I'd assume the oil light came on?) the motor has a very short lifetime. Probably only 10 - 20 seconds of running time between oil pump failure and serious, fatal damage. Because they have more centrifugal force, the rod bearings will sling out remaining oil fastern and typically be the first to go dry and bring the whole carnage to an end.

There are replaceable bearings between the connecting rod and crank, that's the shredded brassy/coppery metal sheets. They are typically fairly thick (1/16" roughly) but when deprived of oil they will stick to the crank and the back side will start spinning inside the con rod. This rapidly shreds the metal.

This may or may not be related to the broken rings. Sometimes if the death rattle was pretty severe the piston can get hammered around in unusual ways, breaking rings. But if you have wear patterns in the cylinder walls, it's likely that the rings had been broken for a long while. It's not a terribly uncommon thing in a high mileage motor. It's why I originally pulled the B18 out of my PV - it had just lost power and developed excessive blowby, and when I pulled the head and looked there was evidence of broken rings on 3 of the cylinders.

You'd have to take the crank and connecting rods by a machine shop to get an opinion on whether or not they are still useable. Typically, the con-rod's big end is not a wearing surface, but when the bearing spins it gets a lot of severe abuse in a very short time. And the heat might damage them too. Depending on the condition of the crank, it too might be too far undersize when refinished.
--
'63 PV544 rat rod, '93 Classic 245 + turbo